![]() ![]() Travel and accomodation will not be provided as part of the prize. Private Pre-Release Fireside Gatherings can take place between Friday, December 2, 10:00 a.m. All entrants must be over 18 years of age. You can open your Pre-Purchase packs early at a private pre-release Fireside Gathering before March of the Lich King goes live on December 6. This competition is only open to residents of Australia. Entries will be judged by the GameSpot Australia team based on their unbridled passion for Hearthstone! This could be anything-a shot of your totally OP deck, your enormous pile of dust, your highest ladder rank, or just your most prized card!Įntries are open until 12pm, Monday August 1st. GameSpot are giving away a total of five (5) double passes! For a chance to win all you need to do is fill in the form below, and attach a screenshot of your proudest Hearthstone achievement. Fireside Gatherings Today - Enjoy Your Early Pack Openings As is custom there is the chance for everyone to open their March of the Lich King packs starting Friday the 2nd of December in The Fireside Gathering Early Pack Opening from 10am PT/ 1pm ET/ 19:00 CET/ 18:00 GMT. latelygrace (213) 97.6 positive feedback. ![]() Play against those with equal skill, and take on higher ranking competitors toįellow Hearthstone Rams teammates Steve “HAYNSTE714” Sawyer, Nate “Glamdring” Seib, Whitney “Starcrossed” Stewart, Bradley “TheWaffleLover” Harris, and Jonathon “JohnAAPC” Dufresne look forward to hosting the next monthly event and meeting more members of the gaming community in the Hampton Roads, Virginia region.Do you spend every waking moment playing Hearthstone? Are you furiously climbing your way to Legend rank every season? Maybe you're just a keen card back collector!Įither way, you and a friend could be attending this very special Fireside Gathering at Blizzard ANZ Headquarters in Sydney on August 4, 2016, and get the chance to hang out with Hearthstone's ever-affable Lead Designer, Ben Brode! You could be beating this guy at his own game! Blizzard Fireside Hearthstone Saviors of Uldum Pin NEW Fireside gathering. For more advanced players, there’s a chance to teach others, ![]() For newer players, it can be a valuable learning experience and aĬhance to watch more experienced players use combos and let their strategies Members of community to vie for prizes and connect over one of his favoriteįrom beginners to legend, all players are welcome at University to host a gathering of their own, bringing together players and A few months into Rams practice, he brought up the idea for ECPI With the new Warlock hero coming out exclusively for established Fireside Gathering Taverns, people are scrambling to find a place that is hosting a Fireside Gathering in order to obtain the new hero. Hearthstone Team Captain Jonathan “kingkahn90” King, right from theīeginning. Recently, I have been seeing a lot of concern from people not finding any Fireside Gatherings within a decent distance from their homes. The past gatherings, hosted at the ECPI University Virginia Beach campus, featured Hearthstone-inspired complimentary appetizers and a bonus dinner special in the Refresh Cafe prepared by Culinary Institute of Virginia students, as well as game-themed prizes like the Hearthstone Cookbook and a Blizzard gift card, plus all the Tavern Brawls and Hearthstone matches one could want.įireside Gatherings captured the imaginations of Rams Hearthstone, a strategy card game based off the lore of World of Warcraft, is a popular game in the Blizzard franchise. As the ECPI University Rams Hearthstone team gears up for its third Fireside Gathering, the excitement is evident. ![]()
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![]() Some bits feature specialized materials in their construction. Here are a few ways you can benefit from such features. So many projects can benefit from the use of portable drills. You can also use some of them to fasten or unfasten nuts or bolts. This range of motion allows you to use some drill bits to screw or unscrew various fastening screws. It is also handy to note that power drills work in a clockwise or counter-clockwise motion. The spindle is designed to adjust and fit perfectly. Despite the size standardization, you can use any bit with any power drill. These tools come in standardized sizes and metal suited to pierce a particular surface. The three sections that make up the body perform different functions. It consists of the flutes, the margin, and body clearance. Drill bit shanks can be straight or tapered. It securely clamps on the spindle during use. This is the smooth surface that holds the bit in place. The point consists of a dead center, lips, and heels. Its function is to perform the actual cutting on surfaces. For us to understand what drill bits are, and how they work, it is crucial to go into detail about parts of drill bits. These bits fit the end of power and manual hand drills. They work across a variety of surfaces, including glass and marble. Masonry drill bits help to accomplish clean construction jobs. It all depends on the type of construction assignment at hand. However, you need power tools and a drill bit to make a perfectly circular hole or a perfectly non-circular hole. There is an infinite number of ways to put a hole in something. Masonry bits are steel brazed or welded with tungsten carbide at the tip. Masonry drill bits are engineered to cut through concrete, stone, brick, tiles and other masonry materials. What Is A Masonry Drill Bit And What Are The Benefits Of Using It? Need A Quick Decision? Here's My Top 5 Masonry Bit Picks: By the time you finish reading this detailed article, you will be a drill bit aficionado. We are going to drill into you what the market has to offer. So please, take a seat and make yourself comfortable. We know finding the best masonry drill bits for a task is hard. ![]() What’s more, inferior bits are prone to breaking while you work. There’s nothing worse than buying a premium machine only for substandard bits to cause damage. Hammering holes through such fixtures is highly impractical. Can a drill work without drill bits? If you have ever worked with steel, concrete, granite, and construction tiles, you can testify to this assertion. These handy inputs not only reduce the time required to attend to a task but also enhance your safety.Īrguably, the drill has pushed innovation in construction further than any other tool. The employment of various types of tools and construction equipment can help you simplify a construction job. Since the Stone Age period, humanity has had a fascination with tools. It is not just about the working equipment, but the availability of the right set of tools. ![]() ![]() Well, perfect completion of any masonry work depends on your skills, materials as well as available tools and machines. When you have a piece of masonry work at hand, you'd rather not do it at all than do it shoddily! Don't you think so? ![]() ![]() What happens if my order was ‘returned to sender’? Be sure to bring one piece of mail with your name on it and a government-issued ID when you pick up your order. In order to determine at which location your package is being held, look up the package using the tracking number shared via email or contact the carrier. The carrier will make one delivery attempt, and if nobody is available to sign for the package you'll have two options:ġ) Contact your selected carrier to arrange for a second delivery attempt.Ģ) Pick up the package from your local Purolator depot or Canada Post office. Since a signature is always required, please try to make sure someone is home to sign for your package. What happens if I’m not home to receive my shipment? Yes you can, however please note that different billing and shipping addresses may cause a slight delay in delivery time due to our order verification process. Shipping to PO boxes is not available due to package size restrictions.Ĭan I ship to a different address than my billing address? You will be sent a notice of shipment email with tracking information upon the shipment of your order. This is to ensure that your order is delivered as soon as possible. If ordering multiple products your order may be delivered in multiple shipments. ![]() ![]() To process orders within this timeframe, we may need to contact you to validate your credentials. Dyson Canada will not be held liable for shipping delays in those cases. If a delivery cannot be completed (for example, if you’re not home), the carrier will leave a notification at your door indicating where you can pick up your order.ĭyson Canada will make every effort to process orders within this timeframe, but issues outside of our control, such as weather, may cause delays. Orders will be shipped within 2-7 business days via Canada Post.Įstimated delivery times to major cities:ĭelivery is Monday to Friday 9am – 6pm local time, not including statutory holidays. Shipping for accessories and spare parts is $5.99. ![]() Please note that there are a small number of postal codes, usually in remote rural areas, to which expedited shipping is not available. Simply switch to the expedited shipping option in the checkout. If you need your machine in a hurry, we also offer an expedited shipping option via Canada Post to major cities – your order will be delivered within 3 business days. Please note that there are a small number of postal codes, usually in remote rural areas, to which we may not be able to deliver within this timescale. We aim to deliver the machine(s) within 2-7 business days, subject to availability. Shipping via Purolator or Canada Post is free of change when ordering a machine from dysoncanada.ca and on all orders from a Dyson Demo Store. ![]() ![]() ![]() You will have the option to decorate if you choose. Select the Continue to Decorate button.The max duration for the total GIF is 15 seconds, meaning the more images you enter, the shorter the duration each image will appear. This duration only applies to stills as GIFs will always play all the way through once before changing. Use the slider to change the length of time still images will appear in your slideshow before going to the next image.Drag and drop images to change the order of your images to change the way they will appear in your slideshow.and not just any website URL (example GIF URL: ) Pro-tip: If you add an image via URL make sure your URL is an image URL ending in. To do this, make sure to start with your URL, and then click Add More Images from the next page. You can combine both stills and GIFs by first selecting Add Any URL.Choose Photo or GIF to add by dragging and dropping, clicking the blue search button to browse your files, or entering image URLs to add files to your slideshow.Looking to make GIFs out of still images? Use the Slideshow option within our GIFMaker to combine your pictures and GIFs into an animated GIF slideshow, a GIF presentation, or a funny GIF mashup! Visit /create/gifmaker to get started. You can share your GIF slideshow on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, Tumblr, Reddit, text message, email, and everywhere! Read more about sharing GIFs on social media.You will be redirected to the GIF page when it is complete. This step is optional but highly encouraged. Private GIFs cannot be seen by anyone but you when you are logged in and can't be shared. You can also change your GIF from Public to Private. You can Add Tags to your GIFs, separated by commas (no # needed), and add a Source URL to give credit to the original source.Use the tabs next to the caption editor to explore effects, stickers, and other fun decorators for your GIF! This step is optional. You can then reposition your caption, edit the text, or remove the caption. You will have the option to decorate if you choose.Use the sliders to select Start Time on the video and the Duration of your GIF.Videos must be under 100MB and under 15 seconds long. Choose Video to add a video from your files, choose Add Any URL to enter a YouTube or video URL or drag and drop a video file into the GIFMaker screen to get started.Use GIF Maker to take it one step further and create, edit, and add captions to animated GIFs from video files and YouTube links. Just like uploading GIFs, you'll need to be signed into your GIPHY account to create GIFs. Use Upload to add your GIFs and creations to GIPHY so that you can share your GIFs on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, text message, email, and more! Read more about how Upload works. Note: If you’re looking for a dedicated app, you may also find several apps (e.g., Lively) on the App Store that help you to turn a Live Photo or Video into a GIF.Making GIFs is easy! Follow this guide to using our simple tools. Tap on Done to open the Share Menu.įrom the Share Sheet, you can either save the GIF image to the Photos app by choosing the Save Image option or share it with your contacts on any supported app. ![]() The default value is 0.2 the lower the value, the smoother will be the animation in the GIF. In case the selected media is a Live Photo, you might need to set a value for Seconds Per Photo.Select a Live Photo or Video from your Photos app that you want to convert to GIF.Open the Make GIF Shortcut, scroll down and tap on Add Untrusted Shortcut. ![]() ![]() Go to the Settings app, then tap on Shortcuts and verify the setting. ![]() If you want to save your work and return later you’ll need to register. In addition to creating and editing fillable forms, you can also add text, links and sticky notes, draw basic shapes, and whiteout contents. PDFescape is a helpful web application which lets you create or fill in PDF forms online, straight from your browser. When completed, save the file as a new PDF file and it’s all set. To set a bookmark to jump to a certain paragraph in a page-first browse to that paragraph, then right-click a bookmark, select “Set Destination” then “Replace Current”. You can add bookmarks to quick jump to a certain page of PDF documents, point to another PDF file in the file-system or go a website in a browser.īookmarks can be easily renamed or edited. JPdfBookmarks allows you to create and edit bookmarks on existing PDF files. It supports annotations, highlighting, drawing lines and shapes, adding textboxes and stamps, and selecting and saving part of a document as text or in an image format. If you’re looking for an alternative, Foxit Reader is definitely a good choice.įor Linux users, Okular is a good try. The good news is that now Foxit Reader has made this particular feature, together with most other basic annotating tools, available for free. Unfortunately some advanced features are available only to the paid-for Pro version. It allows a variety of operations, including highlighting, crossing or underlining text drawing shapes stamping and filling out PDF forms with a built-in typewriter insert, edit or rename bookmarks. PDF-XChange Viewer enables you to annotate PDF documents. Files uploaded to its server are automatically deleted after 2 hours. Upload a PDF file, then download the extracted images in a zip file to your computer. Sejda’s online tools include this useful feature. How about converting files to PDF online? Some websites such as docuPub offer online conversion to PDF. Download and unzip i2pdf and run the executable directly (no installation required). It works even better than the tool “Convert Images to PDF” included in PDFill PDF Tools. If you only need to convert image files to PDF, my favorite is i2pdf. ![]() Note, however, that clickable hyperlinks and bookmarks will not usually be preserved in the resulting PDF file. Whether you choose to use 7-PDF Maker or any of these applications, you should find that clickable hyperlinks and bookmarks are nicely conserved in the converted or exported PDF files, along with the original page layouts.Īn alternative approach is to install a virtual PDF printer, such as Bullzip, which will ‘print’ out PDF files of text or other contents. If you are using office applications such as LibreOffice or OpenOffice, or word processors such as Jarte, they come with a feature to export files to PDF. It can convert to PDF files generated by Word, Excel, PowerPoint, LibreOffice, OpenOffice, StarOffice, Maths and AutoCad, and will also convert images, text or web based files. ![]() ![]() Convert Various Formats to PDFħ-PDF Maker is a powerful tool to convert a wide range of formats to PDF. Choose the file you need, click the “Convert” button and check your inbox for the converted files. Convert PDF to Word/Excelįree online conversion is available from Nitro PDF for PDF-to-Word Converter and PDF-to-Excel Converter. ![]() Moreover, images from scanned PDF documents can be selected and placed on the clipboard.įor an online OCR solution, try Soda PDF Online. Convert PDF to TextįreeOCR is a good scan and OCR (Optical Character Recognition) program which lets you extract text from scanned PDF documents. LibreOffice or OpenOffice Draw is also another free option available for such purpose. It’s free for personal and even commercial use. Specific ToolsĪbleWord, which is a capable word processor, can be used to open pdf file directly and edit small portions of text, add or remove images and so on before saving back to the pdf file. Multipurpose programs offering general features for merging PDF files, splitting or re-ordering pages, etc., within a single application are reviewed and rated in this section General PDF Tools. This list reviews PDF tools that are designed for a more specific task. ![]() ![]() ![]() If you unpacked rEFInd on a USB flash drive, insert it and wait for its access light (if it has one) to stop blinking.Select Utilities -> Terminal from the menu bar.This is a very bare system, with only a window providing a way to launch a handful of utilities and a menu bar. The computer should launch into the Recovery system. At the startup chime, hold down the Command+R key combination.Your Desktop is normally /Users/ yourname/Desktop. (Your home directory is normally /Users/ yourname, where yournameis your username. Pay attention to both the name of the volume and the completepath to the directory in which it's stored. Pay attention to where it's located, though you'll need to find it later. You can unpack it on your regular hard disk or on a USB flash drive. Nontheless, it is arguably the best way to install rEFInd on a Mac that runs OS X 10.11. The trouble is that this installation is not a full-fledged OS X system, so you may have trouble using it if you're not comfortable with such a bare-bones environment. The nature of this tool means that SIP cannot be enabled when using it, so you can install rEFInd from a boot to this partition. Unless you've deleted it, the Recovery HD partition should be present on your Mac as a way to perform emergency recovery operations. This page covers these two options in more detail, as well as a third: Using another OSto install rEFInd. The end result of SIP is that rEFInd cannot be installed under OS X 10.11 in the way described on the Installing rEFIndpage-at least, not without first booting into Recovery mode,in which SIP restrictions are ignored or disabling SIP(either temporarily or permanently). Nevertheless, if disable sip, all is more easy!! Only one solution It´s use rEFInd with "tips" to don´t use disable SIP. When I want install an other SO (ubuntu for example), I can´t install it, because 3rd boot manager (rEFIt) don´t work with SIP. But I reserve the right to change my position in the future. If I were into hacking, I would just use Linux. You would get virtually all the protection against malware, but none of the restrictions.Īs for me, I keep SIP turned on. No halfway decent hacker would choose that path of attack, so the presence of SIP on most machines even provides protection to those people who keep it turned off. Considering the fact that El Capitan has SIP enabled by default, those system directories are protected by a technological version of "herd immunity". But it also protects Apple from legal and legitimate hacking, illegal hacking, and, last but not least, the user himself or herself.ĭoes this mean that disabling SIP is wrong or risky? Not really. ![]() What does SIP protect Apple from? Malware, certainly. (See: About System Integrity Protection on your Mac - Apple Support). It is security protection for Apple, not for the user. People hear something like "System Integrity Protection" and think it is some kind of security architecture to protect them. The key part to remember here is the audience. Here is slightly more information: _Integrity_Protection_Guide/Introduction… This is probably what breaks TotalFinder. The other, more important component of SIP is protecting processes. (But usually there is always another way.) And to tell the truth, it is only a few particularly nasty open-source libraries and Perl modules that are the biggest offenders here. But if the developer is actually trying to modify some existing Apple resource, executable, or config file, then modifying a protected directory might be the only way. Some software will run just fine /usr/local, in that case, there is no point in trying to modify /usr. But you can't really make that determination without analyzing each specific app in question. It is true that a developer that relies on modification of system paths is likely just incompetent or lazy. There is more to SIP than just protecting directories. ![]() ![]() ![]() It was at that point when my husband and I decided to seriously downsize before moving abroad. Seeing those quotes was a real eye-opener for me. how much space your package takes up), whichever is more expensive.Īlthough it’s cheaper to ship by sea than air (about 40% based on our quotes), we were told anything shipped by sea would take THREE MONTHS to arrive! If you can go without your stuff for three months, why even ship it in the first place? Typically, you’ll either pay by weight or by volume (i.e. International shipping is incredibly pricey because of how transporters charge you. Why you should declutter before moving abroad As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. Just jump to step 3 and skip the details about international relocation (and be glad you don’t need to deal with the logistics!). Even if you’re not moving overseas, this process will help you minimize before a move. I want to empower everyone to learn how to declutter before moving. In the end, it was cheaper for us to minimize before a move and buy replacement items than it was to haul our stuff across the country. And by following the steps I’ve outlined here, we were able to skip the pricey moving companies and even make some money in the process. We did multiple cross-country moves in the US before we moved to London. In fact, it can cost up to $10,000 to move across the US. ![]() I remember running through our initial list of what to bring and thinking, I could fit all of this in our walk-in closet!Įven if you’re not moving overseas, it’s not exactly cheap to move cross country, either. I’m talking prices in the five-figure range. ![]() I’m certainly no minimalist, but I was never the type to have lots of stuff or shy away from donating unused items.Įven so, the estimates we received for shipping our belongings from Texas to London were mind-boggling. But if you learn how to declutter before moving abroad, you can purge the excess and make a few bucks in the process. It’s remarkable how much stuff we accumulate over time. ![]() ![]() Overall, I would recommend trying both products depending on your budget! For the price though you can experiment with multiple shades to find which one is right for you. A downside of the Elf concealer is the color on the packaging is not true to the actual color of the product, which oxidizes or gets darker as it dries. Tarte Shape Tape has a whopping 30 colors, while the Camo Concealer only has18. If you have dry skin like me, I would also recommend going in with a hydrating setting spray for both.Įlf did come out with a hydrating version of this concealer, that I am dying to try. In my opinion, when you go in with a heavy hand on either, you can look a bit cakey. A little goes a long way with these products. Formulaīoth formulas are full-coverage, and they really mean full-coverage. ![]() They have pretty similar applicators though, both large doe foot. The packaging on the Tarte concealer is a bit more luxe-looking compared to the simple Elf packaging. Now let’s get into the details: Packaging Compared to the $27 Tarte Shape Tape, this is a much better deal. Initially, I loved the price of the Elf concealer for $6 I can afford to get a range of shades which I like to do for when I’m self-tanning. I use to always use Tarte Shape Tape, but when I first heard about Elf’s $6 dupe, I had to give it a try. I would say Elf is my favorite drugstore, and Tarte is my favorite high-end. So this post is anything but groundbreaking still, I want to share my first-hand experience using the products. ![]() Many people have compared the two, and swear they are dupes. Now, these two products, Elf 16HR Camo Concealer and Tarte Shape Tape have both take the beauty community by storm. ![]() To kick things off, I thought it would be perfect to start with a Dupe or Dud. I want to get back to posting more beauty on Dishing Up Chic since it’s been a while. ![]() ![]() ![]() The difference in sound from a Soprano to a Concert can ensure that two instruments can play together and the tones will complement each other rather than clash. Though, as previously stated, those with larger hands would find a Concert Ukulele ideal to start on.Īside from live performance, the different tonal characteristics of a Concert Ukulele can also be ideal for people in Ukulele groups. Who is the Concert Ukulele for? Concert Ukuleles are generally preferred by people with Ukulele experience. But players of any age will feel at home on a Soprano with a few chords under their belt. ![]() I would say that anyone who picks up a Soprano Ukulele will be able to get a simple 3-chord tune within an hour or so.Īs mentioned, the smaller size makes them perfect for younger players in school or other education. Who is the Soprano Ukulele for? The short answer is everyone. This does mean that if you are a complete beginner, a Soprano Ukulele might be more appealing, as you won’t be making such a big investment to start learning the ukulele. This is due to Soprano Ukuleles being the more popular and widespread style. Generally speaking, Soprano Ukuleles are available for a much lower price than Concert models. While the Concert Ukulele still has the traditional sound of a Ukulele, it does sound a bit “bigger” as well as the physical size. While the soprano’s small size won’t produce the volume of a tenor or baritone uke, the soprano uke’s voice and sound stands out as charmingly distinct. This also ensures that the instrument sounds slightly warmer or more “full”. What makes the soprano ukulele so special though Often thought of as the original ukulele sound, soprano ukuleles offer upper register tone unlike any other. Therefore, this type of Ukulele is called a “Concert” Ukulele, because they are more suited to performance as they are louder. Firstly, due to there being more space within the body of a Concert Ukulele, the sound has more space to resonate, which in turn projects more volume. Like the neck, the body on a Soprano Ukulele is smaller than the body on a Concert. This is why they’re so popular in schools and as first instruments. ![]() While many people will be comfortable playing a Soprano Ukulele, their shorter neck makes them ideal for younger players. Anyone with large hands who may have struggled with a Soprano Ukulele might find themselves a bit more at home with a Concert, without sacrificing the general tone, pitch or chord shapes of a Soprano. The neck is roughly an inch longer on a Concert Ukulele. Kohala ukuleles are made for new ukulele enthusiasts in a range of colors and styles to get players. If put side by side, the Concert Ukulele is larger than a Soprano Ukulele. Our family of string brands also offers Kohala ukuleles. Both models are tuned to the same notes, and at a glance look very similar. The two most common are the Concert and Soprano Ukulele. Ukuleles, like most stringed instruments, come in multiple sizes. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Once all the data has been processed and presented, children can then work in groups to evaluate the best and worst areas, and then to devise strategies as to how they might suggest that improvements can be made.Can quality of life be measured? The existence of reputed rankings and assessments, such as those produced by Mercer or the OECD, point to this conclusion – as their differences indicate that each ranking uses different indicators and weightings. Two well know example websites include Zoopla and Checkmyfile. Additional data can come from the internet in the form of geo-demographic data which is postcode derived. Also video/DVD and audio files, for example podcasts, can be used as part of the evidence portfolio. Of course, annotated photographs can be used to ‘paint a picture' of what somewhere is like (a geographical narrative). Various techniques can be used to display information, for example radar plots (figure two) or a rose diagram showing visual quality data (figure three). Data and maps can be obtained from the Office of National Statistics' Neighbourhood statistics website. It makes sense to use census units, for example output areas, (so that other secondary information can be added to the picture. Street appearance: safety for pedestrians, crowdedness, street cleanliness, etc Quality of shops: type, other land use, quality of goods, number of vacant units, etc. Looks at shopping quality and street appearance. Criteria: deterioration of walls, peeling paint, slipped tiles, broken glass, broken gutters, etc Range of options none, little, some, much. Physical condition of buildings/index of decay. Criteria include: size of words, size of pictures, style of writing, visible from, method of writing/inscription, for example pen, paint, etc Absence of burglar alarm, security cameras, metal bars on windows, metal shutters, neighbourhood watch sticker etc Criteria might include, obviousness of pollution, litter, smalls, state of buildings, impact on surrounding area Scores from zero to three: no pollution - badly polluted. stimulating, ugly versus attractive, crowded versus peaceful, threatening versus welcoming, drab versus colourful. Based on gut feelings, for example boring vs. There are additional techniques that can be used, as shown in below: The number of locations should be a reflection of the location area (population density) and the amount of time required. The basic primary data for this investigation is obtained from surveys of land use plus housing condition and environmental quality at various sample sites in chosen areas. Such effects will impact on the quality of life for residents in the surrounding local areas and often decline with increasing distance from the nuisance. ![]() There are also dis-amenities in cities, features that have a negative effect on local environmental conditions, such as a polluting incinerator or noisy nightclub. By recording, mapping and analysing spatial variations in different features and indicators, the investigation can start to examine the cause and effect of such inequality, or the impact of planning decisions or redevelopment schemes. Quality of life investigations and fieldwork focus on the inequalities between different areas within a city or ward. Other indicators, such as traffic levels, complete the picture of a particular area. However, the term is often used in urban studies of towns or cities to represent a multiple index of different criteria that reflects residents' housing standards and the environmental conditions in which they live. The PQLI is the average of three characteristics: Literacy, life expectancy and infant mortality. The quality of life at a national or global scale is measured by the Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI), devised in the 1980s. ![]() |
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